Résumé
"Mesoscopic physics" refers to the physics of structures
larger than those in the atomic range (a fraction of a
billionth of a meter), but usually smaller than a micron
(one millionth of a meter). This size range is where
exciting new research on futuristic electronic, optical,
and even mechanical devices is being done. Applications may
include such wonders as microscopic robot surgeons that
travel through the blood stream to repair clogged arteries,
and supercomputers that fit on the head of a pin. The world
of the future is being planned and built by physicists,
engineers, and chemists working in the microscopic and
mesoscopic realms, and their research crosses the
boundaries between physics, chemistry, and engineering.
Understanding such tiny electronic devices requires a solid
foundation in physics, especially quantum mechanics. This
book can be used as the main text in a course on mesoscopic
physics, or as a supplementary text in electronic devices,
semiconductor devices, and condensed matter physics
courses.
Table of Contents
| 1 | Introduction and a Brief Review of Experimental Systems | 3 |
| 1 | Generalities | 3 |
| 2 | A Brief Description of Systems and Fabrication Methods | 6 |
| 2 | Quantum Transport, Anderson Localization | 12 |
| 1 | Basic Concepts | 12 |
| Localization ideas | 14 | |
| 2 | Thermally Activated Conduction in the Localized Regime | 18 |
| 3 | The Thouless Picture, Localization in Thin Wires and Finite Temperature Effects | 21 |
| 4 | The Scaling Theory of Localization and its Consequences | 26 |
| General | 26 | |
| The case d [less than or equal] 2 | 27 | |
| The case d > 2, the metal-insulator (M-I) transition | 30 | |
| 5 | The Weakly Localized Regime | 34 |
| 3 | Dephasing by Coupling with the Environment, Application to Coulomb Electron-Electron Interactions in Metals | 38 |
| 1 | Introduction and Review of the Principles of Dephasing | 38 |
| 2 | Dephasing by the Electron-Electron Interaction | 46 |
| 3 | Review of Results in Various Dimensions | 50 |
| 4 | Dephasing Time vs. Electron-Electron Scattering Time | 56 |
| 4 | Mesoscopic Effects in Equilibrium and Static Properties | 60 |
| 1 | Introductory Remarks, Thermodynamic Fluctuation Effects | 60 |
| 2 | Quantum Interference in Equilibrium Properties, Persistent Currents | 65 |
| Generalities, simple situations | 65 | |
| Independent electrons in disordered systems | 71 | |
| The semiclassical picture | 75 | |
| General results on ensemble-averaged persistent currents for constant N | 80 | |
| Semiclassical theory of spectral correlations, applications to rings | 82 | |
| Interaction effects on the persistent currents | 84 | |
| 5 | Quantum Interference Effects in Transport Properties, the Landauer Formulation and Applications | 89 |
| 1 | Generalities, Remarks on the Kubo Conductivity for Finite Systems | 89 |
| 2 | The Landauer-type Formulation for Conductance in a Mesoscopic System and Some of its Generalizations | 93 |
| Introduction: the "single-channel" case | 93 | |
| The multichannel Landauer formulation | 96 | |
| The Onsager-type relationship in a magnetic field: generalized multiterminal conductance formulas | 103 | |
| 3 | Applications of the Landauer Formulation | 107 |
| Series addition of quantum resistors, 1D localization | 107 | |
| Parallel addition of quantum resistors, A-B oscillations of the conductance | 109 | |
| On the universality of the conductance fluctuations | 120 | |
| 6 | The Quantum Hall Effect (QHE) | 124 |
| 1 | Introduction | 124 |
| 2 | General Arguments | 129 |
| 3 | Localization in Strong Magnetic Fields and the QHE | 133 |
| 4 | Brief Remarks on the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect (FQHE) | 139 |
| 7 | Mesoscopics with Superconductivity | 147 |
| 1 | Introduction | 147 |
| 2 | Superconducting Rings and Thin Wires | 151 |
| 3 | Weakly Coupled Superconductors, the Josephson Effect and SNS Junctions | 160 |
| The Bloch picture | 160 | |
| The Josephson junction and other weak links | 163 | |
| 4 | Brief Remarks on Vortices | 165 |
| 5 | The Andreev Reflection, More on SN and SNS Junctions | 167 |
| 8 | Noise in Mesoscopic Systems | 176 |
| 1 | Introduction | 176 |
| 2 | Shot Noise for "Radiation" from a Reservoir | 178 |
| 3 | The Effect of Fluctuations in the Sink, the Equilibrium Limit | 181 |
| 4 | Low-Frequency (1-f) Noise | 185 |
| 9 | Concluding Remarks | 191 |
| Appendices | ||
| A | The Kubo, Linear Response, Formulation | 195 |
| B | The Kubo-Greenwood Conductivity and the Edwards-Thouless Relationships | 198 |
| C | The Aharonov-Bohm Effect and the Byers-Yang and Bloch Theorem | 200 |
| D | Derivation of Matrix Elements in the Diffusion Regime | 201 |
| E | Careful Treatment of Dephasing in 2D Conductors at Low Temperatures | 201 |
| F | Anomalies in the Density of States (DOS) | 202 |
| G | Quasiclassical Theory of Spectral Correlations | 204 |
| H | Details of the Four-Terminal Formulation | 207 |
| I | Universality of the Conductance Fluctuations in Terms of the Universal Correlation of Transmission Eigenvalues | 208 |
| J | The Conductance of Ballistic "Point Contacts" | 209 |
| References | 211 | |
| Index | 231 |
Caractéristiques techniques
| PAPIER | |
| Éditeur(s) | Oxford University Press |
| Auteur(s) | Joseph Imry |
| Parution | 17/12/2001 |
| Édition | 2eme édition |
| Nb. de pages | 236 |
| Format | 16 x 24 |
| Couverture | Relié |
| Poids | 569g |
| Intérieur | Noir et Blanc |
| EAN13 | 9780198507383 |
| ISBN13 | 978-0-19-850738-3 |
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