Soft Matter Physics

An Introduction

Maurice Kleman, Oleg D. Lavrentovich

638 pages, parution le 06/11/2002

Ajouter à une liste

Indisponible

Résumé

Traditionally, the materials studied by physicists have uniform properties and can readily be classified as solids, liquids, or gases. However, many materials of great interest for technology, chemistry, or biology, have complex structures and properties that vary from point to point and time to time. Among these are such materials as liquid crystals, polymer solutions or melts, colloids, foams, and gels, which have come collectively to be called "soft matter." They generally consist of organic molecules that interact weakly, so that individual phases are stable only over small temperature ranges.
This text, intended for students with some knowledge of quantum mechanics, discusses the physics of these materials. It begins with discussions of the chemical bond and the interactions that bind molecules into condensed matter, of the ordering (crystalline or otherwise) one finds in condensed matter, noting that for soft matter the order is intermediate between that of crystals and that of typical disordered fluids. The discussion then turns to phase transitions, elasticity, and dynamics, using liquid crystals as the focus. A discussion of growth phenomena and fractals introduces a detailed treatment of dislocations and defects that clarifies many concepts by using insights only recently developed from the study of liquid crystals. The book concludes with discussions of surface phenomena, the stability of colloidal systems, and structural properties of polymers. The detailed exposition, the emphasis on physical principles, and the exercises at the ends of each chapter will make this a valuable introduction to this rapidly growing area of research.

Contents

Condensed Matter: General Characters, The Chemical Bond, Particle Interactions
Atomic and Molecular Arrangements
The Order Parameter: Amplitude and Phase
Phase Transitions
Elasticity of Mesomorphic Phases
Dynamics of Isotropic and Anisotropic Fluids
Fractals and Growth Phenomena
Dislocations in Solids
Plastic Relaxation
Dislocations in Smectic and Columnar Phases
Curvature Defects in Smectics and Columnar Phases
Disclinations and Topological Point Defects. Fluid Relaxation
Topological Theory of Defects
Surface Phenomena
Stability of Colloidal Systems
Polymers: Structural Properties.

L'auteur - Maurice Kleman

Maurice Kleman - Ancien élève de l'École polytechnique, directeur de recherche honoraire au CNRS, il est actuellement rattaché à l'Institut de physique du Globe de Paris.

Autres livres de Maurice Kleman

Chronologie d'un physicien

Découvrir tous les livres de Maurice Kleman

L'auteur - Oleg D. Lavrentovich

Lavrentovich, O. D., State University, Kent, OH, USA

Caractéristiques techniques

	PAPIER
Éditeur(s)	Springer
Auteur(s)	Maurice Kleman, Oleg D. Lavrentovich
Parution	06/11/2002
Nb. de pages	638
Format	18 x 24
Couverture	Broché
Poids	1240g
Intérieur	Noir et Blanc
EAN13	9780387952673
ISBN13	978-0-387-95267-3