Novell's Guide to Storage Area Networks and NetWare Cluster Services

Contents

Foreword

Preface

Acknowledgments Part I - Exploring Storage Area Networks and

Novell Cluster Services

Chapter 1 Introducing Storage Area Networks and Novell Cluster Services

Introducing Clustered SANs

Introducing Novell Cluster Services

Where to Find More Information on Clustered SANs

Chapter 2 Exploring and Implementing Storage Area Networks

Introducing Storage Area Networks

Examining Client/Server File I/O

Defining Storage Area Networks

Contrasting Network Attached Storage

Introducing Fibre Channel

Fibre Channel Storage Area Networks

Attaching NetWare Servers to Fibre Channel SANs

Internet Protocol Storage Area Networks

Virtualizing Storage Resources

Virtual Disks

Port Zones

LUN Masking

Creating File Systems on LUNs

Intra/Sub-LUN Sharing with Cluster Software

Implementing NetWare Storage Area Networks

Designing NetWare Storage Area Networks

Managing NetWare Storage Area Networks

Chapter 3 Achieving High Availability

Defining High Availability

Levels of Availability

Measuring Availability

Calculating Availability

The Costs of Availability

Analyzing Unavailability

Software Failures

Planned Downtime

People-Based Failures

Hardware Failures

Environmental Factors

Implementing High Availability

Eliminating Weak Links

Reducing Server Downtime

Following Best Practices

Online Configuration

Chapter 4 Examining Novell Cluster Services Architecture

Understanding the Key Concepts

Benefits of Clustering a SAN

Defining a Cluster by its Access to SAN Disks

Creating a Cluster

Configuring a Cluster

Managing a Cluster

Goals of Cluster Services

Defining Cluster Resources

Defining Failover and Failback

Defining Cluster Membership

Defining Active/Active and Active/Passive

Understanding Cluster Volume Resources

Expanding Cluster Services Components

Cluster Services NDS Schema

NetWare Loadable Modules

Detailing Cluster Services Operation

Chapter 5 Planning Novell Cluster Services Configuration

Planning for Novell Cluster Services

Novell Cluster Services Hardware Requirements

Understanding NSS Requirements

Planning the Heartbeat Network

Novell Cluster Services Software Requirements

Understanding Novell Cluster Services Protocol Requirements

Novell Cluster Services Client Requirements

Planning the Volumes

Using Standard Shared Volumes

Deciding When to Cluster Enable Your Shared Volumes

Planning for Fan-Out-Failover

Planning for Trustee Migration

NSS Tuning

Planning to Migrate Existing Volumes into the Cluster

Planning for Clustered Applications

Planning Resource Requirements

Application Partitioning

Planning a Test Lab

Chapter 6 Installing Novell Cluster Services

Installing Novell Cluster Services

Novell Cluster Services Preinstallation Checklist

Installing Novell Cluster Services

Installing ConsoleOne and the Novell Cluster Services Snapins

Installing ConsoleOne

Copying the Novell Cluster Services Snapins

Adding a New Novell Cluster Services Node

Adding a New Volume to a Cluster

Adding Space to an Existing Cluster Volume

Removing a Novell Cluster Services Node

Removing a Volume from a Cluster

Adding or Changing a Heartbeat Network after Novell Cluster Services Installation

Uninstalling Novell Cluster Services

Chapter 7 Managing Novell Cluster Services

Using ConsoleOne to Manage the Cluster

Managing Cluster-Wide Parameters

Monitoring Cluster States

Viewing/Printing the Activity Log

Viewing/Printing All Cluster Configurations

Using ConsoleOne to Manage Cluster Nodes

Using ConsoleOne to Manage Resources

Monitoring Resource States

Bringing a Resource Online

Bringing a Resource Offline

Migrating Resources to a Different Node

Using Novell Cluster Services Server Console Commands

Cluster Commands

NUDP Commands

Split Brain Detector Commands

TCP/IP Address Commands

Novell Storage Services Commands

Trustee ID Migration Commands

TRUSTOOL Commands

Using the Novell Cluster Services Statistical Tools

Chapter 8 Creating Cluster Resources

Creating Cluster Resources

Using the Cluster Resource Templates

Creating a Resource without Using a Cluster Resource Template

Creating Cluster-Enabled Volumes

Adding Your Commands to the Cluster-Enabled Volume Resource

Creating/Modifying Cluster Resource Templates

Discussing Resource Policies

Load and Unload Scripts

Startup, Failover, and Failback Modes

Cluster Resource Preferred Nodes List

Cluster Enabling Applications

Reviewing Keys to Cluster Enabling New Applications

Configuring Combination Resources

Chapter 9 Working with Shared Disk NSS Volumes

Understanding Direct Attach and Shared Disk Interfaces

Distinguishing Direct Attach Disks from Shared Disks

Configuring Shared Disks

Working with Novell Storage Services Volumes on Shared Disks

Running Novell Storage Services

Creating NSS Volumes

Managing NSS Volumes

Cluster Enabling NSS Volumes

Bringing a Cluster Volume Resource Online

Using Cluster-Enabled Volumes

Failover and Cluster-Enabled Volumes

Managing Cluster-Enabled Volume Trustees

Reconfiguring NSS Volumes

Tuning Recommendations

Chapter 10 Applying Novell Cluster Services with NDPS

Introducing NDPS

NDPS Printer Agents

NDPS Manager

Printer Gateways

The Novell Gateway

NDPS Broker

Client Requirements

Cluster Enabling NDPS

Installing NDPS to Each Cluster Node in the Assigned Nodes List

Configuring the Cluster-Enabled Volume

Modifying the HOSTS Files for NDPS

Creating the NDPS Broker and NDPS Manager

Configuring the Cluster Resource

Migration/Failover Characteristics

Windows NT/Windows 2000 Behavior

Windows 95/98/Me Behavior

Active/Active versus Active/Passive

Discussing Legacy Queue Support

Migrating from an Existing NDPS Implementation

Moving an Existing Broker to a Cluster Node

Moving an Existing Print Manager to a Cluster Node

Moving Existing Printer Agents to a New Manager

Chapter 11 Applying Novell Cluster Services with GroupWise 5.5 Domains and Post Offices

Introducing GroupWise 5.5

Message Transfer Agents

Post Office Agents

Using Protected Memory

Document Management

Client

Cluster Enabling GroupWise 5.5

Cluster Enabling the Volume

Deciding Where to Install the NLMs

Configuring IP Addresses and Ports

Creating an MTA and POA as One Resource

Creating a POA-Only Resource

Creating a Secondary Domain and Post Office Resource

Migration/Failover Characteristics

MTA Behavior

POA Behavior

Client Behavior

Active/Active versus Active/Passive

Chapter 12 Applying Novell Cluster Services with GroupWise 5.5 Gateways

Introducing GroupWise 5.5 Gateways

GWIA

WebAccess

Cluster Enabling the Volume

Deciding Where to Install the NLMs

Creating an MTA and GWIA Agent Resource

Creating the Secondary Domain Resource

Installing the GWIA

Modifying the Cluster Load and Unload Scripts

Modifying the Internet Addressing for Your GroupWise System

Modifying the GWIA Configuration

Creating an MTA and WebAccess Resource

Installing the WebAccess Gateway

Configuring the Cluster Resource

Modifying the WebAccess NDS Configuration

Migration/Failover Characteristics

Gateway Behavior

Client Behavior

Active/Active versus Active/Passive

Chapter 13 Applying Novell Cluster Services with Enterprise Web Server

Introducing the Enterprise Web Server

Cluster Enabling the Enterprise Web Server

Active/Active Configuration

Active/Passive Configuration

Configuring the Active/Active NetWare Enterprise Web Server for Novell Cluster Services

Installing the EWS

Creating the Volume for Web Content

Configuring the Administration Server with the Hardware Virtual Server

Modifying the Startup Files for EWS

Creating the Cluster Resource Object

Content, Anyone?

Configuring the Active/Passive NetWare Enterprise Web Server for Novell Cluster Services

Installing the EWS

Creating the Volume for Web Content

Modifying the Document Root Directory

Creating the Cluster Resource Object

Content, Anyone?

Migration/Failover Characteristics

Migrating from an Existing NES Implementation

Chapter 14 Applying Novell Cluster Services with FTP Services

Introducing the FTP Server

Exploring the Major Features of the FTP Server

Why Cluster the FTP Server?

FTP Server Cluster Resource

Installing the FTP Server

Clustering the FTP Server

Creating an Active/Passive FTP Server

Creating Multiple Active/Active FTP Servers

Testing FTP Server Failover

Simulating Node Failure

Client Reconnect Behavior

Chapter 15 Applying Novell Cluster Services with DNS and DHCP Services

Introducing Domain Name System and Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Services

DNS Services

DHCP Services

Key Features of Novell's DHCP Service

Identifying DNS and DHCP Objects in NDS

Global DNS/DHCP Objects

DNS Services Objects

DHCP Services Objects

Installing and Configuring DNS and DHCP Services

Extending the Schema and Creating the Global Objects

Installing the Management Console

Configuring DNS Services

Configuring DHCP Services

Cluster Enabling DNS and DHCP Services

Configuring DNS as a Cluster Resource

Configuring DHCP as a Cluster Resource

Cluster Migration and Failover Characteristics

Migrating Existing Services to the Cluster

Chapter 16 Applying Novell Cluster Services with BorderManager

Introducing BorderManager Services

Firewall/Caching Services

Virtual Private Network Services

BorderManager Authentication Services

Cluster Enabling BorderManager Services

Planning the Proxy Cache Volume

BMEE Licensing in a Cluster

Authentication

Rules

Network Address Translation and Novell Cluster Services

Packet Filtering and Novell Cluster Services

Installing BorderManager Enterprise Edition to the Cluster

Setting Up Login Policies

Configuring the BorderManager Nodes

Creating the Cluster Resource

Migration/Failover Characteristics

Authentication Characteristics

Active/Active versus Active/Passive

Chapter 17 Backing Up Cluster Volumes on Storage Area Networks

Reviewing Traditional Backup Architectures

Exploring File- versus Block-Level Backup

File-Level Backup

Block-Level Backup

Introducing Backup Concepts for Clustered SANs

LAN-Free Backup

Serverless Backup

Third-Party Copy

Volume Snapshot

Designing Clustered SANs to Enable Backup

Backing Up Novell Cluster Services SANs

Working with Failover Backup Jobs

Implementing Floating Tape Backups

Implementing Floating Volume Backups

Backing Up Open Files on Cluster Volumes

Implementing Cluster Volume Snapshot

Chapter 18 Applying Novell Cluster Services with Virus-Scanning Solutions

Virus Scanning Clusters

Why Virus Scan Clusters?

Introducing Symantec Norton Anti-Virus Corporate Edition

Exploring the Major Features of NAV-CE 7.51

Installing NAV-CE

Configuring NAV-CE

Clustering NAV-CE

Scanning All Cluster-Enabled Volumes

Scanning Select Cluster-Enabled Volumes

Realtime Scanning

Testing NAV-CE Failover

Virus Scanning Failover Behavior

Chapter 19 Exploring Novell Cluster Services 1.6 for NetWare 6

Exploring Novell Cluster Services 1.6

Integration with Novell Storage Services 3.0

Cluster Management and Monitoring

Cluster Resource Policies and Controls

High Availability TCP/IP Protocol Stack

Detailing Novell Cluster Services 1.6 Architecture

NetWare Loadable Modules

Cluster-Enabled Volumes

Installing Novell Cluster Services 1.6

Upgrading to Novell Cluster Services 1.6

Detailing the Upgrade Process

Preupgrading a NetWare 5.x Cluster

Upgrading from NetWare 5.x to NetWare 6

Upgrading to Novell Cluster Services 1.6

Managing Novell Cluster Services 1.6

ConsoleOne Cluster Snapins

NetWare Remote Manager

Cluster Console Commands

Working with Shared Disk NSS Pools

Cluster Enabling Volumes on Shared Storage Pools

Using Novell Storage Services Console Commands

Monitoring Novell Cluster Services 1.6

SNMP-Based Cluster Alerts

SMTP-Based Cluster Alerts

Persistent Cluster Event Log

Chapter 20 Applying Novell Cluster Services with GroupWise 6

Introducing GroupWise 6

Exploring New Agent Features

Exploring New Client Features

Exploring New Internet Agent Features

Exploring New WebAccess Features

Exploring the New Clustering Features

Cluster Enabling GroupWise 6

Introducing the GroupWise 6 Target Service Agent

Creating a New GroupWise 6 System

Creating a Secondary Domain and Post Office Resource

Installing a New GroupWise Internet Agent into Your Cluster

Installing a New WebAccess Resource into Your Cluster

Upgrading from an Existing GroupWise 5.5 Cluster

Upgrading the Primary Domain

Upgrading Subsequent Secondary Domains and Post Offices

Upgrading the GWIA

Upgrading GroupWise WebAccess

Upgrading the GroupWise Client

Migration/Failover Characteristics

MTA Failover Behavior

POA Failover Behavior

Gateways Failover Behavior

Client Failover Behavior

Active/Active versus Active/Passive

Chapter 21 Applying Novell Cluster Services -- Case Studies

University of Idaho

Frankfurt Airport

COMDEX/Fall 1999

MobilCom Communicationstechnik GmbH

Tenet Healthcare Corporation

Chapter 22 Troubleshooting Novell Cluster Services

Troubleshooting Poison Pill ABENDs

Exploring the Heartbeat Process

LAN Failure or Congestion Issues

LAN Card Issues

Tuning Server Configuration to Avoid Poison Pills

Diagnosing CPU Hog Issues

Categorizing the Four Types of Poison Pill Conditions

Troubleshooting Comatose Resources

Troubleshooting Errors/Typos in the Script

Troubleshooting Administrators Intervention

Corrupting the File System with Duplicate Volume Names

Problems with Resource Names Beginning with a Number

Troubleshooting Failures to Start Novell Cluster Services

Troubleshooting Drive-Mapping Issues

Troubleshooting Trustee Issues

Understanding the Importance of TCP/IP Name Resolution

Determining If You Have a Name Resolution Issue

Re-creating the Split Brain Partition
Appendix A Third-Party SAN Products for NetWare

SAN Product Cross-Reference

Web Resources
Appendix B Application Configuration Checklists

Working with Shared Disk NSS Volumes

Cluster Enabling NDPS

Cluster Enabling GroupWise 5.5 Domains and Post Offices

Creating a New System with an MTA/POA as One Resource

Creating a POA-Only Resource

Creating a New Secondary Domain and POA as One Resource

Cluster Enabling GroupWise 5.5 Gateways

Creating a New Secondary Domain and GWIA as One Resource

Creating a New Secondary Domain and Web Access Gateway as One Resource

Cluster Enabling Enterprise Web Server

Active/Active Checklist

Active/Passive Checklist

Cluster Enabling the NetWare FTP Server

Active/Passive Checklist

Active/Active Checklist

Creating Cluster-Enabled DHCP Service

Creating Cluster-Enabled DNS

Cluster Enabling BorderManager

Cluster Enabling GroupWise 6

Creating a New System with an MTA/POA as One Resource

Creating a New Secondary Domain and POA as One Resource

Creating a New GWIA Cluster Resource

Creating a New Secondary Domain and WebAccess Gateway as One Resource

Glossary

Index

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