Geosphere-Biosphere Interactions and Climate

Contents

• Dedication to Hans Oeschger
• List of Contributors
• Preface
• Introduction
• 1 The Antarctic Ozone Hole, a Human-Caused Chemical Instability in the Stratosphere: What Should We Learn from It? 1
• 2 Feedbacks and Interactions between Global Change, Atmospheric Chemistry, and the Biosphere 15
• 3 Atmospheric CO[subscript 2] Variations: Response to Natural and Anthropogenic Earth System Forcings 38
• 4 Modelling and Evaluating Terrestrial Biospheric Exchanges of Water, Carbon Dioxide, and Oxygen in the Global Climate System 52
• 5 Carbon Futures 66
• 6 Global Climate Change in the Human Perspective 83
• 7 Earth System Models and the Global Biogeochemical Cycles 113
• 8 The Role of CO[subscript 2], Sea Level, and Vegetation During the Milankovitch-forced Glacial-Interglacial Cycles 119
• 9 Nonlinearities in the Earth System: The Ocean's Role 147
• 10 Simulations of the Climate of the Holocene: Perspectives Gained with Models of Different Complexity 163
• 11 Interactions of Climate Change and the Terrestrial Biosphere 176
• 12 The Record of Paleoclimatic Change and Its Greenhouse Implications 199
• 13 Long-Term Stability of Earth's Climate: The Faint Young Sun Problem Revisited 203
• 14 Physical and Chemical Properties of the Glacial Ocean 220
• 15 Ice Core Records and Relevance for Future Climate Variations 256
• 16 Toward a New Approach to Climate Impact Studies 273
• 17 Research Objectives of the World Climate Research Programme 280
• 18 Panel Discussion: Future Research Objectives 285
• Index