Turbo Coding, Turbo Equalisation, and Space-Time Coding

Turbo coding has opened an exciting new chapter in the design of iterative detection assisted communication systems. Similar dramatic advances have been achieved with the advent of space time coding when communicating over dispersive fading wireless channels. By assuming no prior knowledge in the field of channel coding, the authors provide a self-contained reference on these stimulating hot topics, concluding at an advanced level.
This essential volume is divided into five key parts:
1. Convolutional and Block Coding
Introduces the family of convolutional codes, hard and soft-decision Viterbi algorithms and the most prominent classes of block codes, namely Reed-Solomon (RS) and Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes, as well as their algebraic and trellis-decoding
2. Turbo Convolutional and Turbo Block Coding
Introduces turbo convolutional codes and details the Maximum A-Posteriori (MAP), Log-MAP and Max-Log-MAP as well as the Soft Output Viterbi Algorithm (SOVA). Investigates the effects of the various turbo codec parameters. Studies the super-trellis structure of turbo codes and characterises turbo BCH codes. Portrays Redundant Residue Number System (RRNS) based codes and their turbo decoding
3. Coded Modulation: TCM, TTCM, BICM, BICM-IO
Studies Trellis Coded Modulation (TCM), Turbo Trellis Coded Modulation (TTCM), Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation (BICM), Iterative BICM (BICM-ID) and compares them under various channel conditions
4. Space-Time Block and Space-Time Trellis Coding
Introduces space-time codes and studies their performance using numerous channel codecs providing guidelines for system designers. Studies Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) based schemes and the concept of near-instantaneously Adaptive Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (AQAM) combined with near-instantaneously adaptive turbo channel coding
5. Turbo Equalisation
Covers the principle in detail, provides theoretical performance bounds for turbo equalisers and includes a study of various turbo equaliser arrangements. Also addresses the problem of reduced implementation complexity and covers turbo equalised space-time trellis codes

Contents

• 1: Historical Perspective, Motivation and Outline
• A Historical Perspective on Channel Coding
• Motivation of the Book
• Organisation of the Book
• 2: Convolutional Channel Coding
• Brief Channel Coding History
• Convolutional Encoding
• State and Trellis Transitions
• The Viterbi Algorithm
• 3: Block Coding
• Finite Fields
• Reed-Solomon and Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Block Codes
• 4: Soft Decoding and Performance of BCH Codes
• BCH codes
• Trellis Decoding
• Soft input Algebraic Decoding
• 5: Turbo Convolutional Coding
• Turbo Encoder
• Turbo Decoder
• Turbo-coded BPSK Performance over Gaussian Channels
• Turbo coding Performance over Rayleigh Channels
• 6: The Super-Trellis Structure of Convolutional Turbo Codes
• Non-iterative Turbo Decoding Example
• System Model and Terminology
• Introducing the Turbo Code Super-trellis
• Complexity of the Turbo Code Super-trellis
• Optimum Decoding of Turbo Codes
• Optimum Decoding of Turbo Codes: Discussion of the Results
• Appendix: Proof of Algorithmic Optimality
• 7: Turbo BCH Coding
• Turbo Encoder
• Turbo Decoder
• Turbo Decoding Example
• MAP Algorithm for Extended BCH codes
• Simulation Results
• 8: Redundant Residue Number System Codes
• Background
• Coding Theory of Redundant Residue Number Systems
• Multiple-error Correction Procedure
• RRNS Encoder
• RRNS Decoder
• Soft-input and Soft-output RRNS Decoder
• Complexity
• Simulation Results
• 9: Coded Modulation Theory and Performance
• Trellis-Coded Modulation
• The Symbol-based MAP Algorithm
• Turbo Trellis-coded Modulation
• Bit-interleaved Coded Modulation
• Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation Using Iterative Decoding
• Coded Modulation Performance
• 10: Space-time Block Codes
• Background
• Space-time Block Codes
• Channel-coded Space-time Block Codes
• Performance Results
• 11: Space-Time Trellis Codes
• Space-time Trellis Codes
• Space-time-coded Transmission over Wideband Channels
• Simulation Results
• Space-time-coded Adaptive Modulation for OFDM
• 12: Turbo-coded Adaptive QAM versus Space-time Trellis Coding
• System Overview
• Simulation Parameters
• Simulation Results
• 13: Turbo-coded Partial-response Modulation
• Motivation
• The Mobile Radio Channel
• Continuous Phase Modulation Theory
• Digital Frequency Modulation Systems
• State Representation
• Spectral Performance
• Construction of Trellis-based Equaliser States
• Soft-output GMSK Equaliser and Turbo Coding
• 14: Turbo Equalisation for Partial-response Systems
• Motivation
• Principle of Turbo Equalisation Using Single/Multiple Decoder(s)
• Soft-in/Soft-out Equaliser for Turbo Equalisation
• Soft-in/Soft-out Decoder for Turbo Equalisation
• Turbo Equalisation Example
• Summary of Turbo Equalisation
• Performance of Coded GMSK Systems using Turbo Equalisation
• Discussion of Results
• 15: Turbo Equalisation Performance Bound
• Motivation
• Parallel Concatenated Code Analysis
• Serial Concatenated Code Analysis
• Enumerating the Weight Distribution of the Convolutional Code
• Recursive Properties of the MSK, GMSK and DPSK Modulators
• Analytical Model of Coded DPSK Systems
• Theoretical and Simulation Performance of Coded DPSK Systems
• 16: Comparative Study of Turbo Equalisers
• Motivation
• System overview
• Simulation Parameters
• Results and Discussion
• Non-iterative Joint Channel Equalisation and Decoding
• 17: Reduced-complexity Turbo Equaliser
• Motivation
• Complexity of the Multilevel Full-response Turbo Equaliser
• System Model
• In-phase/Quadrature-phase Equaliser Principle
• Overview of the Reduced-complexity Turbo Equaliser
• Complexity of the In-phase/Quadrature-phase Turbo Equaliser
• System Parameters
• System Performance
• 18: Turbo Equalisation for Space-time Trellis-coded Systems
• System Overview
• Principle of In-phase/Quadrature-phase Turbo Equalisation
• Complexity Analysis
• Results and Discussion
• 19: Summary and Conclusions
• Summary of the Book
• Concluding Remarks