Fluctuations and localization

In mesoscopic electron systems

Martin Janssen

206 pages, parution le 06/12/2001

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Résumé

The quantum phenomena of tunneling and interference show up not only in the microscopic world of atoms and molecules, but also in cold materials of the real world, such as metals and semiconductors. Though not fully macroscopic, such mesoscopic systems contain a huge number of particles, and the holistic nature of quantum mechanics becomes evident already in simple electronic measurements. The measured quantity fluctuates as a function of applied fields in an unpredictable, yet reproducible way. Despite this fingerprint character of fluctuations, their statistical properties are universal, i.e. they are the same for a large class of different mesoscopic systems, having only very few parameters in common. Localization of electrons is a dramatic effect of destructive interference. As a consequence a metal can become an insulator while reaching mesoscopic scales.

Based on elementary quantum and statistical physics, this text introduces the theory of mesoscopic electron systems. It focuses on universal characteristics of fluctuations and on the localization mechanism. General concepts and methods are stressed, such as scaling laws for distribution functions. Tools from condensed matter theory are used flexibly. Involved technical details are skipped so as to present a broad overview of the field, including topics like quantum dots, the quantum Hall effect and a number of the most recent developments.

Contents

Experimental Facts
Basic Theoretical Models and Tools
Idealized Systems
Towards Realistic Systems
The Localization–Delocalization Transition

Caractéristiques techniques

	PAPIER
Éditeur(s)	World Scientific
Auteur(s)	Martin Janssen
Parution	06/12/2001
Nb. de pages	206
Format	15,7 x 22,2
Couverture	Relié
Poids	443g
Intérieur	Noir et Blanc
EAN13	9789810242091