Democratizing Innovation

Eric von Hippel

204 pages, parution le 21/04/2006

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Résumé

Innovation is rapidly becoming democratized. Users, aided by improvements in computer and communications technology, increasingly can develop their own new products and services. These innovating users -- both individuals and firms -- often freely share their innovations with others, creating user-innovation communities and a rich intellectual commons. In Democratizing Innovation, Eric von Hippel looks closely at this emerging system of user-centered innovation. He explains why and when users find it profitable to develop new products and services for themselves, and why it often pays users to reveal their innovations freely for the use of all.

The trend toward democratized innovation can be seen in software and information products -- most notably in the free and open-source software movement -- but also in physical products. Von Hippel's many examples of user innovation in action range from surgical equipment to surfboards to software security features. He shows that product and service development is concentrated among "lead users," who are ahead on marketplace trends and whose innovations are often commercially attractive.

Von Hippel argues that manufacturers should redesign their innovation processes and that they should systematically seek out innovations developed by users. He points to businesses -- the custom semiconductor industry is one example -- that have learned to assist user-innovators by providing them with toolkits for developing new products. User innovation has a positive impact on social welfare, and von Hippel proposes that government policies, including R&D subsidies and tax credits, should be realigned to eliminate biases against it. The goal of a democratized user-centered innovation system, says von Hippel, is well worth striving for. An electronic version of this book is available under a Creative Commons license.

L'auteur - Eric von Hippel

Eric von Hippel is Professor of Management of Innovation and Head of the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Group at the MIT Sloan School of Management. He is the author of The Sources of Innovation.

Sommaire

Acknowledgements
Introduction and Overview
Development of Products by Lead Users
Why Many Users Want Custom Products
Users' Innovate-or-Buy Decisions
Users' Low-Cost Innovation Niches
Why Users Often Freely Reveal Their Innovations
Innovation Communities
Adapting Policy to User Innovation
Democratizing Innovation
Application: Searching for Lead User Innovations
Application: Toolkits for User Innovation and Custom Design
Linking User Innovation to Other Phenomena and Fields
Notes
Bibliography
Index

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Caractéristiques techniques

	PAPIER
Éditeur(s)	The MIT Press
Auteur(s)	Eric von Hippel
Parution	21/04/2006
Nb. de pages	204
Format	15 x 22,5
Couverture	Broché
Poids	292g
Intérieur	Noir et Blanc
EAN13	9780262720472
ISBN13	978-0-262-72047-2